[Column] What is happening in reactor2 and what can be caused ?

A thermometer of RPV in reactor2 keeps indicating the increasing temperature.
Tepco used assert the thermometer was disordered every time they saw it indicate increasing temperature.
However this time, another thermometer located on the top of RPV is showing rapidly increasing temperature too. [Link]
What is going on and why ?

1. Tepco has been decreasing the volume of water to inject

In the beginning of September, Tepco started having the problem with controlling the volume of injecting water and it still hasn’t been fixed. [Link 1 2]

↓ The chart of the water volume to inject.

[Column] What is happening in reactor2 and what can be caused ?

As a result, the reactor water level has been decreasing since this September.

↓ The chart of the reactor water level.

2 [Column] What is happening in reactor2 and what can be caused ?

2. Possibility of the reaction of fractured fuel

You can not tell how much Xe-135 is being produced in reactor2. [Link] Also, other thermometers are not showing the spike of temperature, so it doesn’t look like the entire reactor is having recriticality.

However, Fukushima Diary is suggesting the hypothesis that pieces of fractured fuel are in individual stages scattered around PCV. (cf, [Column] 3 facts to support the hypothesis that fractured nuclear fuel is in individual stages of nuclear reaction [Link])
There is a possibility that one of the small pieces of fractured fuel started the fission reaction due to the lack of coolant water near the issued thermometer or it shifted to near the thermometer.
(cf, [Disorder ?] Radiation level spiked up to 35.23 Sv/h in suppression chamber of reactor2 as the indicated heat went up [Link])

3. Tepco cannot increase the volume of water to inject due to the lack of contaminated water storage

However, Tepco is facing the serious problem of the plant, which is the shortage of contaminated water storage. A part of the injected water comes to the tank. Increasing the volume of water to inject means further increase of contaminated water.
According to the tweets of actual Fukushima worker Happy11311, the contaminated water storage is being the urgent problem. Tepco built a new water purifying facility of Toshiba called Alps, which is supposed to filter 62 sorts of nuclides including strontium.
They expected to start the facility by this September, but because of the orders and reorganization of NISA and NRA, they can not start Alps yet. It’s not even known when they can start it.
They also expected to reduce the storage capacity because of the new water purifying facility, so they did not prepared new tanks in case they can’t start Alps.
Now a few hundreds of tones of groundwater flows into the building on the daily basis but they still can’t even finish the bypass construction nor impervious wall. [Link]

4. What would Tepco do ?

Tepco is having the holiday at the moment. They will have the first press conference on 1/4/2013.
They may be asked about the issued thermometer. From their past behavior, Tepco is likely to take down the parameters of the thermometers so we can not keep track of by asserting the thermometers are disordered whether it’s true or not.

5. The best consequence and the worst consequence

If it’s simply and coincidentally that two thermometers got disordered at once, that would be the best consequence. However, if not, Tepco would need to inject further coolant water to potentially lead to the discharge of contaminated water into the sea.

_____

Français :

[Édito] Que se passe-t-il dans le réacteur 2 et qu’est-ce que ça va entraîner ?

Un thermomètre de la RPV2 (= enceinte de confinement primaire du réacteur 2) continue d’indiquer que la température augmente. Tepco affirmait systématiquement que ce thermomètre était chaque fois qu’ils annonçaient qu’il montrait une augmentation de température. Cette fois-ci, un autre thermomètre situé en haut de la RPV montre aussi une montée rapide en température. [Lien] Que se passe-t-il et pourquoi ?

1. Tepco avait diminué la quantité d’eau injectée

Début septembre, Tepco a commencé à rencontrer le problème du contrôle du volume d’eau injectée et ne l’a toujours pas résolu. [Liens : 1 2]

↓ Le graphique des quantités d’eau à injecter.

[Édito] Que se passe-t-il dans le réacteur 2 et qu'est-ce que ça va entraîner ?Par conséquent, le niveau de l’eau dans le réacteur diminue depuis septembre dernier.

↓ Graphique du niveau de l’eau dans le réacteur.

2 [Édito] Que se passe-t-il dans le réacteur 2 et qu'est-ce que ça va entraîner ?

2. Possible réaction dans le combustible cassé

On ne peut pas dire combien de Xe-135 est généré dans le réacteur 2. [Lien] De plus, les autres thermomètres n’indiquent aucune montée de température, donc il ne semble pas que l’ensemble du réacteur soit en retour de criticité.

Toutefois, le Fukushima Diary suggère l’hypothèse que des morceaux de combustible dispersés dans l’enceinte sont dans des états différents. (cf. [Édito] 3 faits soutenant l’hypothèse que les débris de combustibles sont en différents états de réaction nucléaire [Lien])
Il est possible que l’un de ces morceaux à proximité de ces thermomètres ait commencé une réaction de fission par manque d’eau de refroidissement ou qu’il se soit déplacé plus près d’eux.
(cf. [Panne ?] Le niveau de radioactivité monte jusqu’à 35,23 Sv/h dans la chambre de surpression du réacteur 2 pendant la montée en température [Lien])

3. Tepco ne peut pas augmenter la quantité d’eau à injecter par manque d’espace de stockage ensuite

Tepco est actuellement confrontée au plus grave problème de la centrale, la pénurie en moyens de stockage des eaux contaminées. Une partie des eaux injectées va dans un réservoir. Augmenter le volume injecté implique une augmentation consécutive des eaux contaminées stockées.
Selon les tweets de Happy11311 qui travaille dans la centrale, le stockage des eaux contaminées est en train de devenir le problème le plus urgent. Tepco a monté un nouvel équipement de purification des eaux de Toshiba, appelé Alps et qui est supposé filtrer 62 sortes de nucléides différents dont le strontium.
Ils pensaient le mettre en marche en septembre mais à cause d’arrêtés et de la réorganisation de la NISA et de la NRA, ils n’ont pas encore pu démarrer ce Alps. Ils ne savent même pas quand ils le pourront.
Ils pensaient aussi réduire la capacité de stockage grâce à ce nouvel équipement de filtrage de l’eau, alors ils n’ont pas préparé de nouveaux réservoir au cas où ils ne pourraient pas démarrer Alps.
A présent, quelques centaines de tonnes d’eaux d’infiltration s’écoulent dans le bâtiment tous les jours mais ils ne peuvent même pas terminer la construction de leur détournement, ni faire un mur étanche. [Lien]

4. Que va faire Tepco ?

Tepco est en vacances actuellement. Leur première conférence de presse aura lieu le 4 janvier 2013.
Ils seront peut-être interrogés sur les thermomètres. De par leur comportement antérieur, Tepco risque de supprimer l’accessibilité aux paramètres des thermomètres de façon à ce que nous ne puissions pas les suivre, en affirmant qu’ils sont en panne, que ce soit vrai ou non.

5. Au pire et au mieux

Si c’était simplement et effectivement une panne conjointe des deux thermomètres, ce serait le mieux. Toutefois, si ce n’est pas le cas, Tepco va devoir injecter plus d’eau ce qui va probablement les conduire à en balancer dans l’océan.

  1. Tepco could always reinject contaminated water into Unit 2, what’s the real difference between
    contaminated water storage above ground and contaminated water in Rac 2 drywell?

    now that said, it makes handling those pipes very hazardous.

    if the injection lines are corroded, Tepco will need to run a line into the unit.

    or flood the building to the 20 meter level and hope it doesnt fail

  2. Can you please send this info about the work of Prof. Allen Apblett to someone in Japan at Tepco, at Toshiba, to the site, who is working on solutions to the waste water problem at Fukushima.
    “Molybdenum hydrogen bronze was also tested for its ability to absorb heavy metals and actinides from water. It was found that it is an extremely selective agent for absorption of metals with large radii but the mechanism was not an ion-exchange process but a topotactical reaction with the bronze to give layered or three-dimensional molybdate salts. Therefore, molybdenum trioxide was tested for direct reaction with aqueous metal solutions. Again, it is very selective for acinides such as uranium but unreactive towards light metals such as calcium. The use of molybdenum trioxide as a very inexpensive heavy metal absorbant has the potential to revolutionize water treatment and industrial metal separations.”
    http://chemistry.okstate.edu/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=35&Itemid=119
    http://www.i2e.org/news/innovators-associated-material-processing/

    I’m not a chemist, I don’t know if this filtering will decrease the radioactivity of the waste water, however, if it does, as the molecules bind into the matrix, then there is the potential to increase safety on the site for the workers, which must be a crucial consideration at present.
    Cheers Helen

    1. New Pill Pulls Radioactive Metals from Liquids

      ..

      Researchers have created a nanoparticle capsule that can remove a dozen heavy-metal substances from water, milk, juice or other liquids..

      Originally published:

      Mar 28 2012 – 3:00pm.

      By: Katharine Gammon, ISNS Contributor.

      SAN DIEGO (ISNS) — When disaster strikes, concerns about the safety of water and milk always spring to the foreground. Now, researchers have developed a capsule that could alleviate some of the worry — by taking heavy metals out of drinkable liquids.

      In a presentation Tuesday, research chemist Allen Apblett held up a small vial of pellets. Apblett explained that the pellets contained huge quantities of tiny nanometer-scale particles that react with radioactive materials like strontium and other unwanted substances and pull them out of solution. The particles inside the vials of pellets have so much surface that their area adds up to three football fields, enabling them to soak up lots of material.

      The particular nanoparticle in the pellets is also able to absorb lead, arsenic, and other unwanted metals. Once stirred into a gallon of milk or a quart of juice, the unwanted metals would be absorbed into the capsule over the course of about 12 hours, sticking to the particles inside the capsule. The consumer would simply remove the capsule prior to consuming the liquid.

      Apblett, a professor of chemistry at the Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, said that the nanoparticle capsule is quite safe.

      “We have done extensive testing to show that nanoparticles are immobilized and not released,” said Apblett at the National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society in San Diego. “In fact, if they went into the juice, we would know because the strontium would stick to the particles and would be detected.”

      The treatment would not change the taste of the milk — though in tests of previous versions that the team developed, the milk turned sour. That was a non-starter, Apblett said.

      Apblett has started the process of commercializing the capsules, for both home and industrial use. He said that they could be used as capsules in homes where people are concerned about arsenic in their water, or added to special filters in large operations like dairies or factories after an emergency. It could be used for water, milk, apple juice, brown-rice syrup, or even extracting minerals from seawater in deep-sea mining operations. After absorbing the metals, the capsules could be mailed back for recycling.

      Radiation experts say the approach is a viable one.

      “The idea of developing a way to get heavy metals out of water and juices is good, especially in parts of the world with arsenic in their drinking water,” said John Moulder, director of radiation biology at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee.

      Moulder worries that the capsule is taking on the wrong foe, however. Cesium is a much bigger concern than strontium or radioactive heavy metals, he said — and most cesium contamination that gets to people comes through meat, not through water.

      “If you’re worried about radioactive material in your diet, you’re not usually worried about water and juices,” said Moulder.

      Native people in northern Norway, who have a reindeer-heavy diet, are still experiencing problems from the fallout after the Chernobyl disaster in 1986, said Moulder.

      “The principal way that cesium gets into people was eating meat from animals eating vegetation. The reindeer concentrates the cesium, and it concentrates even further in the human body,” Moulder said.

      Apblett said that his lab has plans to work on strategies to pull cesium out of liquids.

      “It can be done; we’re working on tweaking a formula that would work for cesium. I think we can probably come up with something that does a better job,” Apblett said.

      Apblett added that if radionuclides like cesium can be filtered out of water, then they wouldn’t reach farms and get into plants and animals.

      ——————————————————————————–

      Katharine Gammon is a freelance science writer based in Santa Monica, Calif., and writes for a wide range of magazines covering technology, society, and animal science
      .

      Science category:

      Chemistry

      Materials.

      News section:

      Inside Science News Service
      http://www.insidescience.org/content/new-pill-pulls-radioactive-metals-liquids/555

      I am posting this info here. If anyone has a technical background in this area, can they please post a comment.

    2. while a bronze chemical filter is probably an okay approach, the current approach of carbon filters does seem to be helping pick up the radio-isotopes.

      the real issue is what to do with contaminated filters, storing them is hard, and the fukushima site is
      already littered with filter storage containers.

      the whole mess is one giant rube goldberg, farce and wether a critical failure an unexpected transient
      a fuel pool failure or another quake and we lose lots more material

  3. Thank you for this site. It is hard to know an American you care for dearly who is on a business trip from the west coast to Asia & flying straight into Tokyo…and this person takes NO precautions whatsoever. 🙁 He is there now. Prayers to everyone over there!!… (& please take care of him!)…

  4. Blow in more nitrogen until they figure it out. Too bad it displaces all the fallout into the surrounding air around Japan and around the world.

    They have a leak and need to find and stop the leak, if that is possible, so they can add more boron for about 4 more years.

    Except when parts of the nuclear taffy fissions, it restarts the clock on decay heat for that area.

  5. The government of Japan has bought a controlling interest in TEPCO. There never was, and there certainly is not now, any reason for a public company to keep its operations which affect public health secret. The Japanese government cannot act responsibly. The plant should be internationalized, but even then, there is a danger of pro-nuke agencies from around the world concealing the truth, but it is less likely with more witnesses.

Comments are closed.

About this site

This website updates the latest news about the Fukushima nuclear plant and also archives the past news from 2011. Because it's always updated and added live, articles, categories and the tags are not necessarily fitted in the latest format.
I am the writer of this website. About page remains in 2014. This is because my memory about 311 was clearer than now, 2023, and I think it can have a historical value. Now I'm living in Romania with 3 cats as an independent data scientist.
Actually, nothing has progressed in the plant since 2011. We still don't even know what is going on inside. They must keep cooling the crippled reactors by water, but additionally groundwater keeps flowing into the reactor buildings from the broken parts. This is why highly contaminated water is always produced more than it can circulate. Tepco is planning to officially discharge this water to the Pacific but Tritium is still remaining in it. They dilute this with seawater so that it is legally safe, but scientifically the same amount of radioactive tritium is contained. They say it is safe to discharge, but none of them have drunk it.

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